The development of silicone liners marked a turning point in prosthetic socket technology, transforming comfort and usability for amputees worldwide.
Silicone liners emerged in the 1980s, with the introduction of two-component RTV (Room Temperature Vulcanizing) silicones. At the time, these materials were already widely used in prosthetic workshops for molding and sealing applications. Innovators in the field began experimenting with them as interface materials, giving rise to the first Silicone Suction Sockets (3S sockets). These early sockets were handmade by applying the readily available silicones directly, representing a major step toward softer and more adaptive prosthetic interfaces.
Following the success of the 3S socket, the first non-custom silicone liner was introduced. This version incorporated matrix reinforcement at the distal end, improving durability and suspension while also providing an off-the-shelf solution. For clinicians and patients, this innovation was significant—it allowed for standardized, more accessible liners that could be quickly fit without lengthy customization.
Silicone rapidly became the material of choice for prosthetic liners. Its properties addressed many of the challenges amputees faced with traditional sockets:
Ease of cleaning and resistance to dirt and odors improved hygiene.
Excellent molding characteristics allowed for thin, lightweight liners.
A high heat transfer coefficient offered a cooling effect, increasing comfort during daily wear.
These advantages helped silicone liners gain widespread adoption across prosthetic clinics.
Despite their benefits, early silicone liners had limitations. Traditional silicone’s high static friction often caused skin blistering and irritation, particularly in amputees with sensitive skin. Studies and clinical feedback revealed that around 25% of users experienced problems with long-term wear, highlighting the need for further material innovation.
The introduction of silicone liners laid the groundwork for today’s advanced prosthetic interface technologies. While their limitations inspired the development of alternatives like thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) and urethane liners, silicone remains a foundational material in the history of prosthetic care—valued for its durability, cleanliness, and role in shifting the industry toward more comfortable, user-friendly prosthetic solutions.